Influence of Planting and Irrigation Levels as Physical Methods on Maize Root Morphological Traits, Grain Yield and Water Productivity in Semi-Arid Region

Assessing the impact of planting methods and irrigation levels is needed to determine effects on maize root morphological traits, grain yield, water productivity in semi-arid regions. A study was initiated (Zea mays L.) from 2015 2016, including three [i.e. broad bed furrow (BBF), shallow narrow (SNF) deep wider (DWF)] four once ten days (I10D), at 40% depletion available soil moisture (DASM, I40), 50% DASM (I50) 60% (I60)] arranged a split-plot design with replications. Results reveal that DWF method has increased length, volume, surface area dry weight compared SNF BBF (p < 0.05). resulted higher yield than BBF, although non-significant but 22.40% application. Irrigation I50 had significant effect area, regardless methods. Therefore, where been costly limited farm input, practice deficit could be viable option for greater saving yields maize.